Object E

Object E


Last Updated: June 1, 2002

The first Soviet Luna probes were known to their builders as "Object E" (pronounced 'ye') for they were the sixth payload for the R-7 family of ICBM and launchers (E is the sixth letter of the Russian alphabet).
Object A, B, V, G were different re-entry vehicles for a nuclear warhead, Object D was an heavy scientific satellite, launched as Sputnik-3.
Traditionally, all Luna probes were then called Object-E, including the heavy probes launched by the 8K82K Proton.
The following is a listing of all Object E versions, including many unflown probes. As far as I know, this listing is complete, with the possible exception of the E-8 family.
Click on thumbnails for a larger version of the images. Some link may be to the outside. Copyright information is at the bottom of the page.
 
 
Name Image Characteristics Launcher Flown as
E-1 N/A Lunar impactor, 170 kg mass 8K72 Luna-1
+ 3 failures
E-1A

Copyright #2
Lunar impactor, slightly modified E-1 8K72 Luna-2
+ 1 failure
E-2 N/A Photography of the far side. Yenissey-1 camera 8K73 Canceled
August 1958
E-2A
Photography of the far side. Yenissey-2 camera 8K72 Luna-3
E-2F N/A Photography of the far side 8K73? Canceled
E-3 N/A 1. Photography of the far side
2. Improved E-2A
1. 8K73
2. 8K72
1. Canceled
2. 2 failures
E-4
Lunar impacting nuclear bomb 8K73 Canceled
E-5 N/A Lunar satellite using E-1A technology.
Developed in competition with NASA Atlas Able probes
8K72 Canceled
end 1959
E-6

Copyright #2
Lunar soft landing.
Cruise stage (at right) + 100 kg minilander
8K78
8K78M
11 failures
including
Luna-4 to
Luna-8
E-6A N/A E-6 with 150 kg minilander 8K78 Canceled
E-6LF

Copyright #1
Lunar satellite for imaging manned lunar landing sites 8K78M Luna-11
Luna-12
E-6LS N/A E-6LF modified for manned lunar landing support 8K78M Kosmos-159
Luna-14
E-6M
Slightly modified E-6 with 100 kg lander 
(Luna-13 with instrument booms at right)
8K78M Luna-9
Luna-13
E-6S

Copyright #3
Simple lunar satellite. Modified E-6M cruise stage + Kosmos satellite 8K78M Luna-10
+ 1 failure
E-7 N/A Lunar satellite 8K78M Canceled or
Renamed E-6LF
E-8


Copyright #2
Lunar lander (top) + lunar rover "Lunokhod" (bottom) 8K82K Luna-17
Luna-21
+ 1 failure
E-8LS
Heavy lunar orbiter 8K82K Luna-19
Luna-22
E-8-5
Lunar sample retriever 8K82K Luna-16
Luna-20
+ 6 failures
including
Luna-15 and -18
E-8-5M
Modified E-8-5 with rail mounted drill instead of a robot arm mounted one 8K82K Luna-24
+ 2 failures
including
Luna-23
E-8/M-69

Copyright #1
Modified E-8 for Mars exploration 8K82K Not flown
E-8/Zvezda N/A A derivative of the E-8-5 able to drill up to a depth of 10 m.
To be used in support of the Zvezda manned lunar base
8K82K? Not flown
E-8 Beacon

Copyright #4
An E-8 designed to act as a beacon for manned lunar landings 
To be used in support of the Zvezda manned lunar base
8K82K? Not flown

1 NASA image
2 (C) Wolfgang Hausmann. From Euroavia Picturebank Site
3 (C) P. Brugier. From Musee de l'air et de l'espace Site
4 (C) Mark Wade. From Encyclopedia Astronautica Site

For questions, suggestions and comments you can email me

Back